Pakistan
Malaria risk exists throughout the year in the whole country below 2000 m. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Panama
Low malaria risk—predominantly due to P. vivax—occurs throughout the year in three provinces: Bocas del Toro in the west and Darién and San Blas in the east. In the other provinces there is no or negligible risk of transmission. Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum has been reported in Darién and San Blas provinces.

Papua New Guinea
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year in the whole country below 1800 m. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported. P. vivax resistant to chloroquine reported.

Paraguay
Malaria risk—exclusively due to P. vivax—is moderate in certain municipalities of the departments of Alto Paraná, Caaguazú and Canendiyú. In the other 14 departments there is no or negligible transmission risk.

Peru
Malaria risk—P. vivax (78%), P. falciparum (22%)—is high in 21 of the 33 sanitary regions, including Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cerro de Pasco, Chachapoyas, Chanca-Andahuaylas, Cutervo, Cusco, Huancavelica, Jaen, Junín, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Martín, Tumbes and Ucayali. P. falciparum transmission reported in Jaen, Lambayeque, Loreto, Luciano Castillo, Piura, San Martín, Tumbes and Ucayali. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Philippines
Malaria risk exists throughout the year in areas below 600 m, except in the provinces of Bohol, Catanduanes, Cebu, and metropolitan Manila. There is low risk in the provinces of Aklan, Biliran, Camiguin, Capiz, Guimaras, Iloilo, Leyte del Sur, Northern Samar and Sequijor. No risk is considered to exist in urban areas or in the plains. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Rwanda
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year in the whole country. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Sao Tome and Principe
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year. Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum reported.

Saudi Arabia
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year in most of the Southern Region (except in the high-altitude areas of Asir Province) and in certain rural areas of the Western Region. No risk in Mecca or Medina. Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum reported.

Senegal
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year in the whole country. There is less risk from January through June in the central western regions. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Sierra Leone
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year in the whole country. Resistance to chloroquine reported.

Solomon Islands
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year except in a few eastern and southern outlying islets. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Somalia
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year in the whole country. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

South Africa
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year in the low altitude areas of Mpumalanga Province (including the Kruger National Park), Northern Province and north-eastern KwaZulu-Natal as far south as the Tugela River. Risk is highest from October to May. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Sri Lanka
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. vivax—exists throughout the year in the whole country excluding the districts of Colombo, Kalutara and Nuwara Eliya. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Sudan
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year in the whole country. Risk is low and seasonal in the north. It is higher along the Nile south of Lake Nasser and in the central and southern part of the country. Malaria risk on the Red Sea coast is very limited. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported.

Suriname
Malaria risk—P. falciparum (82%)—is high throughout the year in the three southern districts of the country. In Paramaribo city and the other seven coastal districts, transmission risk is low or negligible. P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine reported. Some decline in quinine sensitivity also reported.

Swaziland
Malaria risk—predominantly due to P. falciparum—exists throughout the year in all low veld areas (mainly Big Bend, Mhlume, Simunye and Tshaneni). Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum reported.

Syrian Arab Republic
Limited malaria risk—exclusively due to P. vivax—exists from May through October in foci along the northern border, especially in the north-eastern part of the country.

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World Health Organization. International Travel and Health 2003. Geneva, Switzerland.